General
Pre-Oxygenation
- Gibbs. Noninvasive Ventilation for Preoxygenation during Emergency Intubation. N Eng J Med 2024;epublished June 13th
- Casey. PreVent Investigators and the Pragmatic Critical Care Research Group. Bag-mask ventilation during tracheal intubation of critically ill adults. N Engl J Med 2019;380:811–821
- Frat. Non-invasive ventilation versus high-flow nasal cannulaoxygen therapy with apnoeic oxygenation for preoxygenation be-fore intubation of patients with acute hypoxaemic respiratory fail-ure: a randomised, multicentre, open-label trial. Lancet Respir Med 2019;7(4):303–12
- Baillard C, Prat G, Jung B, Futier E, Lefrant JY, Vincent F, et al. Effect of preoxygenation using non-invasive ventilation before intubation on subsequent organ failures in hypoxaemic patients: a randomised clinical trial. Br J Anaesth 2018;120:361–367
- Jaber. Apnoeic oxygenation via high-flow nasal cannula oxygen combined with non-invasive ventilation preoxygenation for intubation in hypoxaemic patients in the intensive care unit: the single-centre, blinded, randomised controlled OPTINIV trial. Intensive Care Med 2016;epublished October 11th
- Semler. Randomized trial of apneic oxygenation during endotracheal intubation of the critically ill. Am J Respir Crit CareMed. 2015;193:273–80
- Vourc’h. High-flow nasal cannula oxygen during endotracheal intubation in hypoxemic patients: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Intensive Care Med 2015;41:1538–1548
- Guitton. Nasal high-flow preoxygenation for endotrachealintubation in the critically ill patient: a randomized clinical trial. Intensive Care Med 2019;45(4):447–58
- Caputo. Emergency department use of apneic oxygenation versususual care during rapid sequence intubation: a randomized con-trolled trial (The ENDAO Trial). Acad Emerg Med 2017;24(11):1387–94
Bag - Mask Ventilation
- Casey. Bag-Mask Ventilation during Tracheal Intubation of Critically Ill Adults. N Engl J Med 2019; 380:811-821
- Jabre. Effect of Bag-Mask Ventilation vs Endotracheal Intubation During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation on Neurological Outcome After Out-of-Hospital Cardiorespiratory Arrest (CAAM). A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2018;
ETT vs SGA
- Wang. Effect of a Strategy of Initial Laryngeal Tube Insertion vs Endotracheal Intubation on 72-Hour Survival in Adults With Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest. A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2018;320(8):769-778
- Benger. Effect of a Strategy of a Supraglottic Airway Device vs Tracheal Intubation During Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest on Functional OutcomeThe AIRWAYS-2 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2018;320(8):779-791
Bougie
- Driver. Effect of Use of a Bougie vs Endotracheal Tube With Stylet on Successful Intubation on the First Attempt Among Critically Ill Patients Undergoing Tracheal Intubation. A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2021;epublished December 8th (CCR Livestream Presentation)
- Driver. Effect of Use of a Bougie vs Endotracheal Tube and Stylet on First-Attempt Intubation Success Among Patients With Difficult Airways Undergoing Emergency Intubation. A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2018;epublished May 16th
Stylet
- Driver. Effect of Use of a Bougie vs Endotracheal Tube With Stylet on Successful Intubation on the First Attempt Among Critically Ill Patients Undergoing Tracheal Intubation. A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2021;epublished December 8th (CCR Livestream Presentation)
- Jaber. Effect of the use of an endotracheal tube and stylet versus an endotracheal tube alone on first-attempt intubation success: a multicentre, randomised clinical trial in 999 patients. Intensive Care Med 2021;epublished May 25th
Fluid Loading
- Russell. Effect of Fluid Bolus Administration on Cardiovascular Collapse Among Critically Ill Patients Undergoing Tracheal Intubation (PREPARE II). A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2022
- Janz. Effect of a fluid bolus on cardiovascularcollapse among critically ill adults undergoing tracheal intubation(PrePARE): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Respir Med 2019;7(12):1039–47
Videolaryngscope
- Schmid. Conventional vs Video-Assisted Laryngoscopy for Perioperative Endotracheal Intubations: A Randomized Clinical Trial (COVALENT). JAMA Netw Open. 2026;9(8):e2625965.
- Geraghty. Video versus Direct Laryngoscopy for Urgent Intubation of Newborn Infants. N Engl J Med 2024;epublished May 5th
- Ruetzler. Video Laryngoscopy vs Direct Laryngoscopy for Endotracheal Intubation in the Operating Room. A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2024;epublished March 18th
- Prekker. Video versus Direct Laryngoscopy for Tracheal Intubation of Critically Ill Adults (DEVICE). N Engl J Med 2023;389:418-429
- Lascarrou. Video Laryngoscopy vs Direct Laryngoscopy on Successful First-Pass Orotracheal Intubation Among ICU PatientsA Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2017;epublished January 24th
Neuromuscular Blockade
- Guihard. Effect of Rocuronium vs Succinylcholine on Endotracheal Intubation Success Rate Among Patients Undergoing Out-of-Hospital Rapid Sequence Intubation. A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2019;322(23):2303-2312
- Sørensen. Rapid sequence induction and intubation with rocuronium–sugammadex compared with succinylcholine: a randomized trial. Br J Anaesth 2012;108(4):682-689
Tracheostomy
- Young. Effect of Early vs Late Tracheostomy Placement on Survival in Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation: The TracMan Randomized Trial. JAMA 2013;309(20):2121
- Terragni. Early vs late tracheotomy for prevention of pneumonia in mechanically ventilated adult ICU patients. JAMA 2010;303:1483–1489
- Blot. Early tracheotomy versus prolonged endotracheal intubation in unselected severely ill ICU patients. Intensive Care Med 2008;34(10):1779-1787
- Rumbak. A prospective, randomized, study comparing early percutaneous dilational tracheotomy to prolonged translaryngeal intubation (delayed tracheotomy) in critically ill medical patients. Crit Care Med 2004;32:1689–1694
Endotracheal Tube Type
- De Pascale. Personalized automatic management of tracheal cuff pressure and subglottic secretions drainage to prevent pneumonia in critically ill intubated patients. The MICROINHALO multicenter randomized controlled trial. Intensive Care Med 2026;epublished June 2nd
- Treggiari. Hospital and long-term outcomes for subglottic suction and polyurethane cuff versus standard endotracheal tubes in emergency intubation (PreVent 2): a randomised controlled phase 2 trial. Lancet Respir Med 2025;epublished November 27th