Sections
General
Traumatic Brain Injury
Stroke
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage
Encephalopathy
Seizures
CNS Infection
Brain Injury - Miscellaneous
Spinal Cord
Neuromuscular Junction
Peripheral Nerve
Rehabilitation
Miscellaneous
Sedation
General
- Guidelines for the Management of Pediatric Severe Traumatic Brain Injury, Third Edition: Update of the Brain Trauma Foundation Guidelines, Executive Summary. Neurosurgery 2020;84(6):1169–1178
- Chesnut. A management algorithm for adult patients with both brain oxygen and intracranial pressure monitoring: the Seattle International Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Consensus Conference (SIBICC). Intensive Care Med 2020; 46:919–929
- Hawryluk. A management algorithm for patients with intracranial pressure monitoring: the Seattle International Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Consensus Conference (SIBICC). Intensive Care Med 2019; 45: 1783–1794
- Chesnut. Consensus-Based Management Protocol (CREVICE Protocol) for the treatment of severe traumatic brain injury based on imaging and clinical examination for use when intracranial pressure monitoring is not employed. J Neurotrauma 2020; 37:1291–1299
Resource Limited Setting
Traumatic Brain Injury
Conditions
Brain Trauma Foundation Guidelines
- Complete Guideline - Guidelines for the Management of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury 4th Edition
- Executive Summary - Carney. Guidelines for the Management of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury, Fourth Edition. Neurosurgery 2016;epublished September 22nd
- Paediatric Guideline - Guidelines for the Management of Pediatric Severe Traumatic Brain Injury, Third Edition: Update of the Brain Trauma Foundation Guidelines, Executive Summary. Neurosurgery 2020;84(6):1169–1178
Cerebral Oedema
Neuroprognostication
Combat TBI
Other TBI Guidelines
Monitoring & Investigations
Monitoring
- WSES consensus conference guidelines: monitoring and management of severe adult traumatic brain injury patients with polytrauma in the first 24 hours. World J Emerg Surg 2019;14:53
- Depreitere. Cerebrovascular Autoregulation Monitoring in the Management of Adult Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Delphi Consensus of Clinicians. Neurocrit Care 2021;epublished January 25th
Intracranial Pressure Monitoring
- Chesnut. Perceived Utility of Intracranial Pressure Monitoring in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Seattle International Brain Injury Consensus Conference Consensus-Based Analysis and Recommendations. Neurosurgery 2023;93(2):399-408
- Chesnut. A management algorithm for adult patients with both brain oxygen and intracranial pressure monitoring: the Seattle International Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Consensus Conference (SIBICC). Intensive Care Med 2020; 46:919–929
- Chesnut. Consensus-Based Management Protocol (CREVICE Protocol) for the treatment of severe traumatic brain injury based on imaging and clinical examination for use when intracranial pressure monitoring is not employed. J Neurotrauma 2020; 37:1291–1299
- Hawryluk. A management algorithm for patients with intracranial pressure monitoring: the Seattle International Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Consensus Conference (SIBICC). Intensive Care Med 2019;45:1783–1794
Therapies
External Ventricular Drain
- Perioperative Management of Adult Patients With External Ventricular and Lumbar Drains: Guidelines From the Society for Neuroscience in Anesthesiology and Critical Care. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2017;29:191–210
- Fried. The Insertion and Management of External Ventricular Drains: An Evidence-Based Consensus Statement. Neurocrit Care 2016;24:61–81
Decompressive Craniectomy
- Hawryluk. Guidelines for the Management of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: 2020 Update of the Decompressive Craniectomy Recommendations. Neurosurgery 2020;87(3):427-434
- Hutchinson. Consensus statement from the International Consensus Meeting on the Role of Decompressive Craniectomy in the Management of Traumatic Brain Injury. Acta Neurochirurgica 2019;epublished May 28th
Stroke
Intracerebral Haemorrhage
- Parry-Jones. Acute care bundles should be used for patients with intracerebral haemorrhage: An expert consensus statement. Eur Stroke J 2023;epublished December 27th
- Hwang. Guidelines for Neuroprognostication in Critically Ill Adults with Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care 2023;epublished November 3rd
- Yu. Chinese multidisciplinary guideline for management of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. Chin Med J 2022;epublished October 31st
- 2022 Guideline for the Management of Patients With Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Guideline From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke 2022;53(7):e282-e361
- Guideline for Reversal of Antithrombotics in Intracranial Hemorrhage. A Statement for Healthcare Professionals from the Neurocritical Care Society and Society of Critical Care Medicine. Neurocrit Care 2016;24:6–46
- Guidelines for the Management of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage. A Guideline for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke 2015;46:2032–2060
Ischaemic Stroke
- Japan Stroke Society Guideline 2021 for the Treatment of Stroke. Int J Stroke. 2022;17(9):1039–1049
- 2018 Guidelines for the Early Management of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Guideline for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke 2018;epublished January 24th
- Evidence-Based Guidelines for the Management of Large Hemispheric Infarction. A Statement for Health Care Professionals from the Neurocritical Care Society and the German Society for Neuro-Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine. Neurocrit Care 2015;22:146–164
Endovascular Management
- Gonzalez. Large-core ischemic stroke endovascular treatment: a science advisory from the American Heart Association. Stroke 2024;epublished December 17th
- Quintard. Anaesthetic and peri-operative management for thrombectomy procedures in stroke patients. Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med 2023;42(1):101188
- Neuroendovascular management of emergent large vessel occlusion: update on the technical aspects and standards of practice by the Standards and Guidelines Committee of the Society of NeuroInterventional Surgery. J NeuroIntervent Surg 2018;0:1–6
- Management of acute stroke and urgent neurointerventional procedures during COVID-19 pandemic: recommendations on the Scientific Department on Cerebrovascular Diseases of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology, Brazilian Society of Cerebrovascular Diseases and Brazilian Society of Neuroradiology. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2020;78(7):440-449
- Current endovascular strategies for posterior circulation large vessel occlusion stroke: report of the Society of NeuroInterventional Surgery Standards and Guidelines Committee. Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery 2019;epublished May 18th
Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis
Palliation & End-of-Life Care
Cervical Artery Dissection
Miscellaneous
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Haemorrhage
General
- 2023 Guideline for the Management of Patients With Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Guideline From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke 2023;epublished May 22nd
- Treggiari. Guidelines for the Neurocritical Care Management of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care 2023;epublished May 18th
- NICE guideline. Subarachnoid haemorrhage caused by a ruptured aneurysm: diagnosis and management. NICE 2022;epublished November 23rd
- Early management of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in a hospital with neurosurgical/neuroendovascular facilities: a consensus and clinical recommendations of the Italian Society of Anesthesia and Intensive Care (SIAARTI)—part 2. J Anesth Analg Crit Care 2022;2:21
- Vivancos. Clinical management guidelines for subarachnoid haemorrhage. Diagnosis and treatment. Neurología 2014;29(6):353-370
Delayed Cerebral Ischaemia
Delirium
General
- Lewis. A Focused Update to the Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Prevention and Management of Pain, Anxiety, Agitation/Sedation, Delirium, Immobility, and Sleep Disruption in Adult Patients in the ICU. Crit Care Med 2025;epublished February 21st
- 2021 KSCCM clinical practice guidelines for pain, agitation, delirium, immobility, and sleep disturbance in the intensive care unit. Acute Crit Care 2022;37(1):1-25
- Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Prevention and Management of Pain, Agitation/Sedation, Delirium, Immobility, and Sleep Disruption in Adult Patients in the ICU. Crit Care Med 2018;46(9):e825-e873
Post-Operative
- Update of the European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine evidence-based and consensus-based guideline on postoperative delirium in adult patients. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2023;epublished August 31st
- Hughes. American Society for Enhanced Recovery and Perioperative Quality Initiative Joint Consensus Statement on Postoperative Delirium Prevention. Anesth Analg 2020;130(6):1572-1590
Seizures
Status Epilepticus
- Wickström. International consensus recommendations for management of new onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) including febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES): Summary and clinical tools. Epilepsia 2022;63:2827–2839
- Evidence-Based Guideline: Treatment of Convulsive Status Epilepticus in Children and Adults: Report of the Guideline Committee of the American Epilepsy Society. Epilepsy Curr 2016;16(1):48–61
- Trinka. A definition and classification of status epilepticus–report of the ILAE Task Force on Classification of Status Epilepticus. Epilepsia 2015;56(10):1515–1523
- Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Status Epilepticus. Neurocritical Care Society Status Epilepticus Guideline Writing Committee. Neurocritical Care 2012;17:3–23
Encephalopathy
Hypoxic-Ischaemic Encephalopathy
CNS Infections
Meningitis
Encephalitis
- Adult - Management of suspected viral encephalitis in adults e Association of British Neurologists and British Infection Association National Guidelines. J Infection 2012;64(5):347-373
- Paediatric - Management of suspected viral encephalitis in children – Association of British Neurologists and British Paediatric Allergy, Immunology and Infection Group National Guidelines. J Infection 2012;64(5):449-477
Brain Death
General
- Pediatric and Adult Brain Death/Death by Neurologic Criteria Consensus Guideline. Neurology 2023;epublished November 11th
- The use of cerebral computed tomographic angiography as an ancillary investigation to support a clinical diagnosis of death using neurological criteria: a consensus guideline. Anaesthesia 2023;epublished January 29th
World Brain Death Project
American Academy of Neurology
- Russell. Brain death, the determination of brain death, and member guidance for brain death accommodation requests: AAN position statement. Neurology 2019;92:228–232
- Evidence-based guideline update: Determining brain death in adults. Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 2010;74(23):1911–1918
Brain Injury - Miscellaneous
Devastating Brain Injury
Consciousness Disorders
- Bender. The Neurological Rehabilitation of Adults With Coma and Disorders of Consciousness. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2023;120:605-12
- Practice guideline update recommendations summary: Disorders of consciousness. Report of the Guideline Development, Dissemination, and Implementation Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology; the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine; and the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research. Nuerology 2018;91(10)
Sleep Disorder
- Causes, Consequences, and Treatments of Sleep and Circadian Disruption in the ICU: An Official American Thoracic Society Research Statement. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023;207(7):e49–e68
- Society of Anesthesia and Sleep Medicine Position Paper on Patient Sleep During Hospitalization. Anesth Analg 2023;136(4):814-824
Spinal Cord Injury
General
Trauma
- Early management of adult traumatic spinal cord injury in patients with polytrauma: a consensus and clinical recommendations jointly developed by the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) & the European Association of Neurosurgical Societies (EANS). World J Emerg Surg 2025;19:4
- Mahanes. Guidelines for neuroprognostication in adults with traumatic spinal cord injury. Neurocrit Care 2023;epublished November 13th
Combat Related
Neurogenic Bowel Dysfunction
Neurogenic Bowel Dysfunction
Neuromuscular Junction Disorders
Myasthenia Gravis
Peripheral Nerve
ICU-Acquired Weakness
Guillain–Barré Syndrome
Miscellaneous
Mechanical Ventilation
Neuromuscular Blockade
Targeted Temperature Management
Venothromboembolism Prophylaxis
Last updated March 25th, 2025